(P29) Condom Use Experiences, Beliefs, and Barriers Among Blind and Low-Vision Adults

Background:

Barriers to condom use among blind and low-vision (BLV) individuals are understudied. Studies show that BLV individuals have similar rates of sexual activity as the general population but have less contraceptive knowledge, show gaps in knowledge related to sexual risk behaviors and safer sex strategies, report rarely using condoms, and have more negative experiences with STIs compared with sighted persons. This study assessed condom use experiences, beliefs, and barriers among BLV adults.

Methods:

126 BLV adults completed an accessible web-based survey. Qualitative responses were collected on condom use experiences, beliefs, and potential barriers to condom use through two open-ended questions. Participant responses were analyzed through thematic analysis.

Results:

Responses revealed that BLV individuals experience several barriers to condom use. Four themes were identified: lack of school-based sexuality education, lack of condom use experience and knowledge, reliance on partners, and inaccessible condom packaging and products. Participants described exclusion from school-based sexuality education and the lack of accessible/adapted instruction (e.g., tactile vs. visual representation) and no hands-on demonstration/practice on condom use specifically. BLV women described a reliance on their partner with a penis to obtain and apply condoms. Condom packaging issues, such as inaccessible information, including the expiration date, sizing, material, and instructions, were noted as crucial barriers to obtaining and correctly using condoms independently. Moreover, difficulties determining the right side when applying the condom and inspecting for damage or defects were cited by participants.

Conclusion:

BLV individuals experience specific barriers to obtaining and correctly using condoms, which may put them at greater risk of STIs and unplanned pregnancy. There is a critical need for comprehensive sexuality education in schools and community programs, and accessible condom-use interventions, and accessible condom packaging. Participants suggested that the condom packaging information is provided in Braille, using a larger font, and/or a QR code.